The current presentation includes computational and behavioral studies regarding how the neural coding of numerical values influences the development of number cognition. Behavioral phenomena in the number cognition literature are often attributed some type of cognitive-representation, such as logarithmic number representations or the mental number line. Richard Prather, postdoctoral researcher at Indiana University, will present evidence that suggests the neural coding of number, and how it changes with development and experience, provides a parsimonious mechanism for these and other behavioral phenomena.