Since 1994 Brazil has enacted programs and policies aimed at reducing the country's historically high levels of social and economic inequality. Those programs have indeed produced significant reductions in class inequality; but what have been their impacts on racial inequality, as measured by black/white differences in education, earnings, life expectancy, and other indicators of social wellbeing? And how have similar measures of racial inequality evolved in the United States during that same period? As of 2010, which country has the better claim to being a true racial democracy?