The United States has made significant progress in addressing certain environmental ills but little progress on others.  What policy approaches have worked, and why have significant challenges gone unaddressed?  We’ll identify the main tools used to mitigate environmental harms and evaluate their strengths and limitations, paying particular attention to continuing land-use ills (e.g., soil degradation and erosion, loss of wildlife habitat) and misuses of waterways, wetlands, and coastal zones.